Chapter 4 Organization

Spatial relationships:

Space within a space: basically, is a smaller space within a larger space but in certain scale, otherwise it would start looking like one space. In the images below, the cylinder has its own separate area, which is the smaller space. And the cylinder space is in the larger room.

Interlocking spaces: is two spaces are overlapping each other, and they share a common area. As you can see in the picture, the two volumes are interlocking with each other, but they still have their own identities.

Spatial organizations:

Centralized organization: a central point surrounded by a secondary spaces.  The secondary spaces may or may not the same in size, form. The chairs in the picture are examples of the secondary surroundings that centralizing to the middle.

Linear organization:  is created by a series of repetitive spaces. The spaces are usually looked alike in size, form and function. It’s easy to tell visually. In the picture, each blue space is similar, and they are organized in lines.

Grid organization: is created by spaces that organized in a grid form. Grid patterns usually are two lines parallel with each other. In the image below, the rectangle tables are organized in a grid form. They looked neat and in order.

Chapter 3: Form and Space

Form and space: the unity of opposites

In any form and space, whether is a graphic or a space, it includes two groups: positive elements and negative elements.  For example, the image below, the white furnishings are considered as the positive element, which is attracting viewer’s eye, and the blue wall background is the negative element, they are contrasting each other.

Defining space with horizontal elements:

In a space, there are several types of form. Looking at horizontal elements, we can define it as: base plane, elevated base plane, dressed base plane and overhead plane.

Such as the architect below, is a example of a overhead plane. It shows the volume between itself and the ground plane.  

Defining space with Vertical linear elements:

Similar to the horizontal elements, vertical elements is looking from another perspective, which is vertically. Single vertical plane, L-shape plane, parallel planes and U-shape plane are all the example of it. Single vertical plane shows in the picture.

Qualities of architectural space: Light

Light, enclosure and view are three qualities of a space. All those three qualities affect the overall look of a design space. Light can created in many ways, such as nature light from window or an overhead lighting. The interior space below shows you different lighting resource.

Openings in space-defining elements:

There are also many types of opening. It can be within planes, at corners and between planes. It relates to the qualities of its space. The opening in the image is within planes. Its not touch with any edge of the enclosure. Its within the surface.

Chapter 2 Form

Chapter 2: Form

Primary Solids

Primary Solids are simple shapes but in three-dimensional form. Such as, sphere, cylinder, cone, pyramid and cube. When you look at certain side, you can easily find a regular shape. It might be in different shapes on each surface.

(Image from Internet)

Dimensional Transformation

Dimensional Transformation is when a form is changing one of its dimensions, like the length or height, yet it still keeping or simulating its original shape.

(Cross # Towers in Seoul, South Korea)

As you can see in the picture, the form are the same, cubes, but in various size.

Subtractive Forms

Subtractive form is to take out some parts of volume from a whole form. Sometimes you can identify the original form, although is missing a part. Sometimes, it might turn into a new form.

(Opus Tower, Dubai, UAE by Zaha Hadid Architects)

The hollow in the middle of this building is considering a subtractive form. It’s easy to image what this building would be like without the hollow part.

Additive Forms

Additive form is the opposite version of subtractive form. It’s adding elements to a form. You may recognize the original one after altered, or you may not.

(The Overhang House / DADA & Partners)    

Also, this is an example of centralizes forms. Secondary forms are adding from different sides, from the top, the side, the front.

Formal Collision of Geometry

Formal collision of geometry is to have two different shapes interacting with each other, in order to create a new form. It can be overlapped, composited or however you want to recreate with them.

(Found on bloodandchampagne.com)

The image above is a circle and square combined together. It creates a new orientation of a space.